[et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ _builder_version=”4.21.0″ background_color=”RGBA(255,255,255,0)” custom_margin=”|0px||0px|false|false” custom_padding=”|0px||0px|false|false” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.21.0″ background_color=”#f2f2f2″ width_tablet=”91%” width_phone=”92%” width_last_edited=”on|tablet” custom_margin=”||||false|false” custom_padding=”|2%||2%|false|true” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.16″ global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.21.0″ text_font=”Roboto||||||||” text_text_color=”#333333″ text_font_size=”18px” global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n
Unauthorised access to personal information, financial accounts or trade secrets can cause a lot of damage. This can lead to large losses due to the loss of reputation and financial assets, violation of user privacy, etc. Therefore, every person, organisation, business or financial institution must take care of data protection. <\/span><\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ _builder_version=”4.17.1″ custom_margin=”||||false|false” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.16″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” width=”92%” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding=”|||” global_colors_info=”{}” custom_padding__hover=”|||”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.21.0″ text_text_color=”#333″ text_font_size=”16px” header_text_color=”#111″ global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n Let’s consider what types of information protection exist and take a closer look at the technical means. <\/span><\/p>\n Plan of the article:<\/b><\/p>\n Information also needs to be protected from internal threats, such as negligence or abuse of trust by employees. Insufficient security awareness, improper data processing, or incorrect user access rights can create risks for information leakage.<\/span><\/p>\n There are many techniques used by attackers to gain access to information. They depend on the context, the target system, and the goals of the attackers. Here are 15 of them, for example:<\/span><\/p>\n Information security is the process of applying technologies, methods, and strategies to ensure the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of information in order to prevent unauthorised access, theft, damage, or loss of data.<\/span><\/p>\n There are several types of information protection, among which we can distinguish:<\/span><\/p>\n Undoubtedly, a set of measures will work most effectively. Therefore, attention should be paid to premises surveillance, threat monitoring, countering technical intelligence tools, and training in information security for new team members. But it is better to start by testing the IT structure for vulnerabilities and conducting a security audit. <\/span><\/p>\n We also recommend that you pay special attention to technical security, as it is probably difficult to find a company that does not have an online presence, or does not use computers and does not store information on electronic media. Most of the threats come from the network and are aimed at stealing digital data. And modern equipment can significantly help reduce the cost of protecting information. <\/span><\/p>\n First of all, you need to protect your computers from viruses. This information is important in order to navigate the issue. Because in reality, you can’t just install the best antivirus software on your hardware and hope that it will be enough.<\/span><\/p>\n You can organise protection against computer viruses in the following ways:<\/span><\/p>\n In turn, antivirus programs are divided into several types based on different functions:<\/span><\/p>\n Let’s consider their advantages and disadvantages. <\/span><\/p>\n Detector programs (utilities) are designed to detect threats to information security, such as viruses, spyware, Trojans, network worms, and other types of malicious code. They scan files and drives using databases of known vulnerabilities and malware patterns. If malicious code is detected, the utility notifies the user. Or it can take steps to block, quarantine, or remove the malware.<\/span><\/p>\n Disadvantages of detector software.<\/b> The capabilities of these programmes are limited by the information available in their databases, and they cannot provide 100% protection against all types of threats, especially new ones. By blocking the operation of malware, they can also delete files that the user needs. Also, detectors are not designed to prevent threats from entering computers.<\/span><\/p>\n Doctor programs are designed to \u201ccure\u201d files, disks, or programs infected with viruses. That is, they are able to restore maliciously damaged programs to their original state without deleting the virus carrier file itself. This is their advantage compared to detector utilities. <\/span><\/p>\n Disadvantages of doctor apps.<\/b> As in the previous case, doctor antivirus programs are based on detecting known patterns of malicious code. So new malware that is not part of their databases can go undetected. Keeping your apps up to date can partially address this issue.<\/span><\/p>\n Audit software works by comparing the initial state of the system with the current one. This way, they can quickly respond to any suspicious changes in files. Unlike scanners, they work many times faster and are able to detect new viruses that are not yet available in any databases. It can restore some damaged files to their original state by storing copies of them.<\/span><\/p>\n Shortcomings of auditors: <\/b>Unfortunately, the auditors cannot protect 100% against all viruses, and rolling back the system to the previous state is not always a good solution for the user. Therefore, auditors are usually used in conjunction with other antivirus programs. <\/span> <\/b><\/p>\n Filter programs can detect malware that is designed to replicate itself and accesses the system’s RAM directly. Just like scanners, they are able to detect yet unknown viruses that are not in antivirus databases. <\/span><\/p>\n Disadvantages:<\/b> viruses that are downloaded by the user together with legitimate programs or access permanent memory are not detected by the filters.<\/span><\/p>\n Vaccines are designed to process files in such a way that viruses that enter the system think they are infected, although the latter work correctly and without interfering with the user’s work. <\/span><\/p>\n Disadvantages of vaccine programs:<\/b> they are not designed to detect viruses and treat files.<\/span><\/p>\n Since all available antivirus programs have certain limitations, hybrid programs (doctors-detectors, auditors-doctors, etc.) or several antivirus packages are usually used in practice (it is important to choose the right one, as they can conflict).<\/span><\/p>\n We can also recommend using reliable cloud storage for storing databases and copying important information, where all the necessary equipment, including antivirus solutions, is usually already configured. To select tools for effective information protection, we recommend that you contact information <\/span>security specialists<\/span><\/a>. <\/span> <\/p>\n Please also note that when it comes to malware that steals access to accounts or helps attackers interfere with network traffic, you may be protected by hardware devices.<\/span><\/p>\n Hardware devices that prevent password theft and securely protect even against phishing and physical access to devices include hardware security keys, smart cards, tokens, and hardware modules (HSMs). <\/span><\/p>\n Hardware security keys or tokens<\/b> \u2014 -are small devices that work like an apartment or car key. They only unlock access to an operating system account or accounts stored in web applications, and unlike regular keys, they cannot be forged or copied. Tokens can store identification data, certificates, encryption keys, and other confidential information. They are commonly used for authentication, document signing, security, and access to various resources.<\/span><\/p>\n Smart cards<\/b> \u2014 these are usually plastic cards that contain an embedded chip with a processor, memory, and communication interfaces. They can be used to store information, including personal data, financial data, medical information, and more. Smart cards are often used for authentication, contactless payments, access control, electronic passports and other applications.<\/span><\/p>\n The main difference between tokens and smart cards is their form and functionality, but both types of devices are used to store and protect confidential information and ensure security in various fields. However, some security keys, such as <\/span>the YubiKey 5 Series<\/span><\/a> and<\/span> YubiKey FIPS<\/span><\/a> have <\/span>a smart card mode<\/span><\/a> (PIV \u0442\u0430 CCID). <\/span> <\/p>\n [\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image src=”https:\/\/shop.thekernel.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/image3.png” alt=”YubiKey 5″ title_text=”YubiKey 5″ _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}”][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.16″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” width=”92%” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.16″ custom_padding=”|||” global_colors_info=”{}” custom_padding__hover=”|||”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.21.0″ text_text_color=”#333″ text_font_size=”16px” header_text_color=”#111″ global_colors_info=”{}”]<\/p>\n A hardware cryptographic module <\/b>is a device designed to protect cryptographic keys (PKI) and accelerate cryptographic operations. It ensures the authenticity of digital signatures of blockchain network participants and creates a secure environment for implementing IT solutions.<\/span><\/p>\n Cryptographic modules come in a variety of form factors: <\/span><\/p>\n\n
Who is interested in receiving confidential information <\/b><\/h2>\n
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How attackers gain access to information<\/b><\/h2>\n
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Types of information protection<\/b><\/h2>\n
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Protecting information from computer viruses<\/b><\/h2>\n
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Antivirus programs-detectors<\/b><\/h3>\n
Antivirus software doctors<\/b><\/h3>\n
Antivirus software auditors<\/b><\/h3>\n
Filter programmes<\/b><\/h3>\n
Vaccine programmes<\/b><\/h3>\n
Overview of hardware security methods<\/b><\/h2>\n
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